Secondary Storage

File compression

The meaning of file compression is to compressed format. There is many operating system and application allow us to enable us to pack a bigger file into small file so that it can take up less memory to save our computer memory. For example , WINRAR.

Head crash

Head crash is a disk drive malfunction. A head crash usually means that the head has scratched or burned the disk. if dust come between it and the disk, it can touch the disk. When this happens, we usually lose much of the data on the hard disk and will need to replace both the head and the disk.

Internet hard drive

Internet hard drive is a mechanism that reads and write data on a internet hard drive. Hard disk drives (HDDs) for PCs usually have seek times about 12 milliseconds or less. Many disk drives improve their performance through a thing called caching.

Optical Disc Drive

Optical disc drive is a storage medium from data is read and it is written by laser. Optical disks can store much more data up to 6 gigabytes (6 billion bytes) There are three basic types of optical disks which is CD-ROM , WORM and erasable.

Solid State Storage

Solid state storage is a removable storage medium that employs integrated circuits rather than magnetic or optical media. It is also contains of large-capacity than other storage devices.

Input and Output

Ergonomic keyboard

Ergonomic keyboard is a keyboard that design for to relieve some of that stress and provide a more comfortable platform for typing. Ergonomic keyboard designs to help to relieve sometimes painful conditions.

Ink-jet Printer

Ink jet printer is a type of printer that works by spraying very fine drops of ink on a sheet of paper. As the paper is put through the printer, the print head moves back and forth to spraying thousands of these small droplets on the page to print out the image.

Laser printer

Laser printer is a type of printer that use  focused beam or light to transfer text and images onto paper. but the laser will not actually burn the images onto the papers. When the papers passes through the printer, the laser beam fires at the surface of a cylindrical drum called a photoreceptor.

Magnetic-ink character recognition(MICR)

MICR name as Magnetic ink character recognition. It is a character recognition system that uses special ink and characters. When the paper pass though the printer will translates the magnetic information into characters. To use magnetic ink we need a laser printer that accept MICR toner.
Optical-character recognition(OCR)

OCR also stand for optical-character recognition. This thing allow us to scan paper that we lost in our own hard drive. But printed out, back into your computer. OCR program can convert the characters on the page into a text document that can be read by a word processing on a program.

Optical-mark recognition(OMR)

OMR also stand for optical-mark recognition. OMR scans a printed and reads predefined positions and records where marks are made on the form. This thing is very useful for applications in which large of numbers need to be processed quickly and with great accuracy.

The System Unit

Flash Memory

Flash memory is a type of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory(EEPROM) that can be erased and reprogrammed in blocks instead of one byte at a time. It also a section of memory cells can be erased in a single action.

Graphic cards

A graphic card is a card that interprets drawing instructions sent by the CPU, A computer must have a graphic card to play any game or do any animation without graphic card computer will usually feel lagging or hanging. It also can been called as video adapter

Sound cards

Sound card is an expansion board that enables a computer to manipulate and output sounds. Sound cards enable the computer to output sound through speakers connected to the board, to record sound input from a microphone connected to the computer, and manipulate sound stored on a disk.

Network interface card(NIC)

NIC Stands for "Network Interface Card." this is the card that physically makes the connection between the computer and the network cable. These cards typically use an Ethernet connection and are available in 10, 100, and 1000 Base-T configurations. A 100 Base-T card can transfer data at 100 Mbps.

Plug & Play

Plug and play also known as "PNP" it used to describe devices that work with a computer system as soon as they are connected. The user does not have to manually install drivers for the device or even tell the computer that a new device has been added. Instead the computer automatically recognizes the device, loads new drivers for the hardware if needed, and begins to work with the newly connected device.
Bus line

Bus line mean the wheels on the bus may go "round and round," data on a computer's bus goes up and down. Each bus inside a computer consists of set of wires that allow data to be passed back and forth. Most computers have several buses that transmit data to different parts of the machine. Each bus has a certain size, measured in bits (such as 32-bit or 64-bit), that determines how much data can travel across the bus at one time. Buses also have a certain speed, measured in megahertz, which determines how fast the data can travel.

HDMI

HDMI stands for "High-Definition Multimedia Interface." HDMI is a digital interface for transmitting audio and video data in a single cable. It is supported by most HDTVs and related components, such as DVD and Blu-ray players, cable boxes, and video game systems.

Cache memory

Cache memory is random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessor processes data, it looks first in the cache memory and if it finds the data there (from a previous reading of data), it does not have to do the more time-consuming reading of data from larger memory.

Specialized Application Software

Audio Editing Software

A audio editing software is a computer application for audio editing, for example, manipulating digital audio. Audio Editing software are the main software component of a digital audio workstation. Besides, Audio editing is a process of taking recorded sound and changing it directly on the recording medium.

Bitmap Image

Bitmap Image short for BMP. The BMP format is a commonly used raster graphic format for saving image files. It was introduced on the Windows platform, but is now recognized by many programs on both Macs and PCs.
Desktop Publishing Program

Desktop Publishing use a personal computer or workstation to produce high-quality printed documents. A desktop publishing system allows you to use different typefaces, specify various margins and justifications, and embed illustrations and graphs directly into the text. The most powerful desktop publishing systems enable you to create illustrations, while less powerful systems let you insert illustrations created by other programs.

HTML Editors

HTML editors also called an authoring tool, an HTML editor is a software program that inserts HTML code as you create a HTML file. Some editors will provide a word processing GUI enabling users to create HTML documents without knowing any HTML code.

Image Editors

-Example of image editors-

Image editors is a software that allows images to be edited and also converted to different graphics formats. Image editors typically deal with only bitmapped images such as GIFs, JPEGs and BMPs; however, some editors support both bitmaps and illustrations. Common functions are manually cropping and resizing the image and using "filters" to adjust brightness, contrast and colors.

Multimedia

Multimedia is the integration of multiple forms of media. This includes text, graphics, audio, video, etc. Besides, Multimedia is more than one concurrent presentation medium. Although still images are a different medium than text, multimedia is typically used to mean the combination of text, sound, and/or motion video.

Vector Image

Vector image are different with JPEGs, GIFs, and BMP images. It made up of a grid of pixels. Instead, vector image are comprised of paths, which are defined by a start and end point, along with other points, curves, and angles along the way. A path can be a line, a square, a triangle, or a curvy shape. These paths can be used to create simple drawings or complex diagrams.

Basic Application Software

Graphical User Interface(GUI)

A GUI is a graphical user interface to a computer. GUI is a program interface that takes advantages of the computer graphics capabilities to make the program easier to use. Well-designed graphical user interfaces can free the user from learning complex command languages. On the other hand, many users find that they work more effectively with a command-driven interface, especially if they already know the command language.

Word Processor

The meaning of word processor is Using a computer to create, edit, and print documents. Of all compute applications, word processing is the most common. To perform word processing, you need a computer, a special program called a word processor, and a printer. A word processor enables you to create a document, store it electronically on a disk, display it on a screen, modify it by entering commands and characters from the keyboard, and print it on a printer.

Spreadsheet

A spreadsheet is a document that stores data in a grid of horizontal rows and vertical columns. Rows are typically labeled using numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.), while columns are labeled with letters (A, B, C, etc). Individual row/column locations, such as C3 or B12, are referred to as cells. Each cell can each store a unique instance of data. Example such as microsoft excel and etc.

Database Management System(DBMS)

-Database-

DBMS is a database program. Technically speaking, it is a software system that uses a standard method of cataloging, retrieving, and running queries on data. The DBMS manages incoming data, organizes it, and provides ways for the data to be modified or extracted by users or other programs.
Utility Suites

A software suite is a collection of computer programs, usually application software and programming software of related functionality, often sharing a more-or-less common user interface and some ability to smoothly exchange data with each other. It also a program that performs a specific task related to the management of computer functions, resources, or files, as password protection, memory management, virus protection, and file compression.

The Internet, The Web and Electronic Commerce

JavaScript

Java is an interpreted programming or script language from netscape.script languages are easier and faster to code in than the more structured and compiled languages such as C and C++. Script languages generally take longer to process than compiled languages, but are very useful for shorter programs.There are few example for the usage of javascript such as Blogger, Forum and others.

Applets

What is applets? Applets is a little application. Prior to the World Wide Web(WWW), the built-in-writing and drawing programs that came with windows were called "Applets". An applet is a small program that can be sent along with a Web page to a user. Applets can perform interactive animations, immediate calculations, or other simple tasks without having to send a user request back to the server.

Filters

The define filters dialog box allows you to define filters that you then apply to data conflicts to see a subset of the conflicts in the grid. To define a filter, choose an operator from the operator drop-down list box and then enter a value.

Plug-in

Plug-in applications are programs that can easily be installed and used as part of your Web browser such as Firefox mozilla. Initially, the Netscape/Fierfox browser allowed you to download, install, and define supplementary programs that played sound or motion video or performed other functions.

Internet Security Suite

A suite of utilities for maintaining the security of a Windows PC. It include more than a dozen utilities such as antivirus, personal firewall, spam blocker and popup blocker and etc.

FTP(File Transfer Protocol)

The meaning of FTP is File Transfer Protocol. The protocol for exchanging files over the internet. which transfers displayable Web pages and related files. FTP is an application protocol that uses the Internet's TCP/IP protocols. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It's also commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers. It also allow user to uploading a Web page file to a server which is megaupload, rapidshare and etc for another user to download it.

Wiki

A wiki is a Web site that allows users to add and update content  the site using their own Web browser. Wiki made by Wiki software that runs on the Web server. Wikis end up being created by a collaborative effort of the site visitors. A great example for wiki is Wikipedia. But these info added by visitors not one hundred percent correct or true.

URL

URL mean Uniform Resource Locator. It is a address of a resource, or file, available on the Internet. The URL contains the protocol of the resource for example http:// or ftp:// , the domain name for the resource, and the hierarchical name for the file. For example, a page on the internet may be at the URL http://www.learnthat.com/define/u/url.shtml.

Careers in IT

Webmaster

A webmaster is a people who manager a website. There are something webmaster might be responsible for the website which is make sure the website server is up and software is running up properly. Besides that, a webmaster also need to design website,creating and updating a website and also lastly replying feedback from some user.








Computer Support Specialist

They assists computer users by provided technical assistance. Besides, they answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person.







Technical Writer

Technical writer is usually often tasked with writing document  that explains technical issue in a way that people who don't understand about the technical problem. A technical writer is usually responsible for writing the how to control a software application. Technical writer often copy writer and vice-versa.






Software Engineer

A software enginner is a people who schooled and skilled in the application of engineering discipline to the cretion of software. A software engineer is different with a programmer. Besides, A software enginneer is also held accountable to a specific code of ethics. Enginner also know how the software will work with the machine.

Network Administrator

network administrator is a person who manages a local area communications network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN).They responsibilities include network security, installing new hardware and applications, monitoring software upgrades and daily activity.
System Analyst

A system analyst is the person who selects and configures computer systems for an organization or business. His or her job typically begins with determining the intended purpose of the computers. The analyst also must understand the general objective of the business as well as what each individuals user's job requires.

Programmer

-Programmer facing binary code day and night-

A programmer is someone who write the computer program and debugs computer program. Programmers usually have an extensive background in some form of computer coding language. Programmers develop computers because without the coding that is necessary to make a computer work properly, the machine would be useless. Programmers may specialize in one area or may write instructions for a wide range of systems or programs.