Secondary Storage

File compression

The meaning of file compression is to compressed format. There is many operating system and application allow us to enable us to pack a bigger file into small file so that it can take up less memory to save our computer memory. For example , WINRAR.

Head crash

Head crash is a disk drive malfunction. A head crash usually means that the head has scratched or burned the disk. if dust come between it and the disk, it can touch the disk. When this happens, we usually lose much of the data on the hard disk and will need to replace both the head and the disk.

Internet hard drive

Internet hard drive is a mechanism that reads and write data on a internet hard drive. Hard disk drives (HDDs) for PCs usually have seek times about 12 milliseconds or less. Many disk drives improve their performance through a thing called caching.

Optical Disc Drive

Optical disc drive is a storage medium from data is read and it is written by laser. Optical disks can store much more data up to 6 gigabytes (6 billion bytes) There are three basic types of optical disks which is CD-ROM , WORM and erasable.

Solid State Storage

Solid state storage is a removable storage medium that employs integrated circuits rather than magnetic or optical media. It is also contains of large-capacity than other storage devices.

Input and Output

Ergonomic keyboard

Ergonomic keyboard is a keyboard that design for to relieve some of that stress and provide a more comfortable platform for typing. Ergonomic keyboard designs to help to relieve sometimes painful conditions.

Ink-jet Printer

Ink jet printer is a type of printer that works by spraying very fine drops of ink on a sheet of paper. As the paper is put through the printer, the print head moves back and forth to spraying thousands of these small droplets on the page to print out the image.

Laser printer

Laser printer is a type of printer that use  focused beam or light to transfer text and images onto paper. but the laser will not actually burn the images onto the papers. When the papers passes through the printer, the laser beam fires at the surface of a cylindrical drum called a photoreceptor.

Magnetic-ink character recognition(MICR)

MICR name as Magnetic ink character recognition. It is a character recognition system that uses special ink and characters. When the paper pass though the printer will translates the magnetic information into characters. To use magnetic ink we need a laser printer that accept MICR toner.
Optical-character recognition(OCR)

OCR also stand for optical-character recognition. This thing allow us to scan paper that we lost in our own hard drive. But printed out, back into your computer. OCR program can convert the characters on the page into a text document that can be read by a word processing on a program.

Optical-mark recognition(OMR)

OMR also stand for optical-mark recognition. OMR scans a printed and reads predefined positions and records where marks are made on the form. This thing is very useful for applications in which large of numbers need to be processed quickly and with great accuracy.

The System Unit

Flash Memory

Flash memory is a type of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory(EEPROM) that can be erased and reprogrammed in blocks instead of one byte at a time. It also a section of memory cells can be erased in a single action.

Graphic cards

A graphic card is a card that interprets drawing instructions sent by the CPU, A computer must have a graphic card to play any game or do any animation without graphic card computer will usually feel lagging or hanging. It also can been called as video adapter

Sound cards

Sound card is an expansion board that enables a computer to manipulate and output sounds. Sound cards enable the computer to output sound through speakers connected to the board, to record sound input from a microphone connected to the computer, and manipulate sound stored on a disk.

Network interface card(NIC)

NIC Stands for "Network Interface Card." this is the card that physically makes the connection between the computer and the network cable. These cards typically use an Ethernet connection and are available in 10, 100, and 1000 Base-T configurations. A 100 Base-T card can transfer data at 100 Mbps.

Plug & Play

Plug and play also known as "PNP" it used to describe devices that work with a computer system as soon as they are connected. The user does not have to manually install drivers for the device or even tell the computer that a new device has been added. Instead the computer automatically recognizes the device, loads new drivers for the hardware if needed, and begins to work with the newly connected device.
Bus line

Bus line mean the wheels on the bus may go "round and round," data on a computer's bus goes up and down. Each bus inside a computer consists of set of wires that allow data to be passed back and forth. Most computers have several buses that transmit data to different parts of the machine. Each bus has a certain size, measured in bits (such as 32-bit or 64-bit), that determines how much data can travel across the bus at one time. Buses also have a certain speed, measured in megahertz, which determines how fast the data can travel.

HDMI

HDMI stands for "High-Definition Multimedia Interface." HDMI is a digital interface for transmitting audio and video data in a single cable. It is supported by most HDTVs and related components, such as DVD and Blu-ray players, cable boxes, and video game systems.

Cache memory

Cache memory is random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessor processes data, it looks first in the cache memory and if it finds the data there (from a previous reading of data), it does not have to do the more time-consuming reading of data from larger memory.